MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Summary of Control Change Messages (Data Bytes)

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MIDI

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

Summary of Control Change Messages (Data Bytes)

The following quick-reference table lists all currently defined Control Change messages and Mode Change messages, in control number order.

Registered Parameter Numbers (RPNs) are an extension to the Control Change message for setting additional parameters. Appended at the bottom is a table of all currently defined RPNs.

WARNING! Details about implementing these messages can dramatically impact compatibility with other products. We strongly recommend consulting the official MMA Detailed MIDI Specification for additional information.

Control Changes and Mode Changes (Status Bytes 176-191)

Adapted from "MIDI by the Numbers" by D. Valenti-Electronic Musician 2/88, updated 1995/1999/2002 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association

Control Number
(2nd Byte Value)

Control Function

3rd Byte Value

Decimal

Binary

Hex

Value

Used As

00000000

Bank Select

0-127

MSB

00000001

Modulation Wheel or Lever

0-127

MSB

00000010

Breath Controller

0-127

MSB

00000011

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00000100

Foot Controller

0-127

MSB

00000101

Portamento Time

0-127

MSB

00000110

Data Entry MSB

0-127

MSB

00000111

Channel Volume (formerly Main Volume)

0-127

MSB

00001000

Balance

0-127

MSB

00001001

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00001010

Pan

0-127

MSB

00001011

Expression Controller

0-127

MSB

00001100

Effect Control 1

0-127

MSB

00001101

Effect Control 2

0-127

MSB

00001110

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00001111

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00010000

General Purpose Controller 1

0-127

MSB

00010001

General Purpose Controller 2

0-127

MSB

00010010

General Purpose Controller 3

0-127

MSB

00010011

General Purpose Controller 4

0-127

MSB

00010100

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00010101

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00010110

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00010111

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011000

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011001

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011010

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011011

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011100

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011101

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011110

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00011111

Undefined

0-127

MSB

00100000

LSB for Control 0 (Bank Select)

0-127

LSB

00100001

LSB for Control 1 (Modulation Wheel or Lever)

0-127

LSB

00100010

LSB for Control 2 (Breath Controller)

0-127

LSB

00100011

LSB for Control 3 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00100100

LSB for Control 4 (Foot Controller)

0-127

LSB

00100101

LSB for Control 5 (Portamento Time)

0-127

LSB

00100110

LSB for Control 6 (Data Entry)

0-127

LSB

00100111

LSB for Control 7 (Channel Volume, formerly Main Volume)

0-127

LSB

00101000

LSB for Control 8 (Balance)

0-127

LSB

00101001

LSB for Control 9 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00101010

LSB for Control 10 (Pan)

0-127

LSB

00101011

LSB for Control 11 (Expression Controller)

0-127

LSB

00101100

LSB for Control 12 (Effect control 1)

0-127

LSB

00101101

LSB for Control 13 (Effect control 2)

0-127

LSB

00101110

LSB for Control 14 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00101111

LSB for Control 15 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00110000

LSB for Control 16 (General Purpose Controller 1)

0-127

LSB

00110001

LSB for Control 17 (General Purpose Controller 2)

0-127

LSB

00110010

LSB for Control 18 (General Purpose Controller 3)

0-127

LSB

00110011

LSB for Control 19 (General Purpose Controller 4)

0-127

LSB

00110100

LSB for Control 20 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00110101

LSB for Control 21 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00110110

LSB for Control 22 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00110111

LSB for Control 23 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111000

LSB for Control 24 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111001

LSB for Control 25 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111010

LSB for Control 26 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111011

LSB for Control 27 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111100

LSB for Control 28 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111101

LSB for Control 29 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111110

LSB for Control 30 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

00111111

LSB for Control 31 (Undefined)

0-127

LSB

01000000

Damper Pedal on/off (Sustain)

<63 off, >64 on

---

01000001

Portamento On/Off

<63 off, >64 on

---

01000010

Sustenuto On/Off

<63 off, >64 on

---

01000011

Soft Pedal On/Off

<63 off, >64 on

---

01000100

Legato Footswitch

<63 Normal, >64 Legato

---

01000101

Hold 2

<63 off, >64 on

---

01000110

Sound Controller 1 (default: Sound Variation)

0-127

LSB

01000111

Sound Controller 2 (default: Timbre/Harmonic Intens.)

0-127

LSB

01001000

Sound Controller 3 (default: Release Time)

0-127

LSB

01001001

Sound Controller 4 (default: Attack Time)

0-127

LSB

01001010

Sound Controller 5 (default: Brightness)

0-127

LSB

01001011

Sound Controller 6 (default: Decay Time - see MMA RP-021)

0-127

LSB

01001100

Sound Controller 7 (default: Vibrato Rate - see MMA RP-021)

0-127

LSB

01001101

Sound Controller 8 (default: Vibrato Depth - see MMA RP-021)

0-127

LSB

01001110

Sound Controller 9 (default: Vibrato Delay - see MMA RP-021)

0-127

LSB

01001111

Sound Controller 10 (default undefined - see MMA RP-021)

0-127

LSB

01010000

General Purpose Controller 5

0-127

LSB

01010001

General Purpose Controller 6

0-127

LSB

01010010

General Purpose Controller 7

0-127

LSB

01010011

General Purpose Controller 8

0-127

LSB

01010100

Portamento Control

0-127

LSB

01010101

Undefined

---

01010110

Undefined

---

01010111

Undefined

---

01011000

Undefined

---

01011001

Undefined

---

01011010

Undefined

---

01011011

Effects 1 Depth
(default: Reverb Send Level - see MMA RP-023)
(formerly External Effects Depth)

0-127

LSB

01011100

Effects 2 Depth (formerly Tremolo Depth)

0-127

LSB

01011101

Effects 3 Depth
(default: Chorus Send Level - see MMA RP-023)
(formerly Chorus Depth)

0-127

LSB

01011110

Effects 4 Depth (formerly Celeste [Detune] Depth)

0-127

LSB

01011111

Effects 5 Depth (formerly Phaser Depth)

0-127

LSB

01100000

Data Increment (Data Entry +1) (see MMA RP-018)

N/A

---

01100001

Data Decrement (Data Entry -1) (see MMA RP-018)

N/A

---

01100010

Non-Registered Parameter Number (NRPN) - LSB

0-127

LSB

01100011

Non-Registered Parameter Number (NRPN) - MSB

0-127

MSB

100

01100100

Registered Parameter Number (RPN) - LSB*

0-127

LSB

101

01100101

Registered Parameter Number (RPN) - MSB*

0-127

MSB

102

01100110

Undefined

---

103

01100111

Undefined

---

104

01101000

Undefined

---

105

01101001

Undefined

---

106

01101010

Undefined

---

107

01101011

Undefined

---

108

01101100

Undefined

---

109

01101101

Undefined

---

110

01101110

Undefined

---

111

01101111

Undefined

---

112

01110000

Undefined

---

113

01110001

Undefined

---

114

01110010

Undefined

---

115

01110011

Undefined

---

116

01110100

Undefined

---

117

01110101

Undefined

---

118

01110110

Undefined

---

119

01110111

Undefined

---

Note:

Controller numbers 120-127 are reserved for Channel Mode Messages, which rather than controlling
sound parameters, affect the channel's operating mode.

120

01111000

[Channel Mode Message] All Sound Off

---

121

01111001

[Channel Mode Message] Reset All Controllers
(See MMA RP-015)

---

122

01111010

[Channel Mode Message] Local Control On/Off

0 off, 127 on

---

123

01111011

[Channel Mode Message] All Notes Off

---

124

01111100

[Channel Mode Message] Omni Mode Off (+ all notes off)

---

125

01111101

[Channel Mode Message] Omni Mode On (+ all notes off)

---

126

01111110

[Channel Mode Message] Poly Mode On/Off (+ all notes off)

---

127

01111111

[Channel Mode Message] Poly Mode On (+ mono off +all notes off)

---

** Note: This equals the number of channels, or zero if the number of channels equals the number of voices in the receiver.

**Table: Registered Parameter Numbers**

To set or change the value of a Registered Parameter:

1. Send two Control Change messages using Control Numbers 101 (65H) and 100 (64H) to select the desired Registered Parameter Number, as per the following table.

2. To set the selected Registered Parameter to a specific value, send a Control Change messages to the Data Entry MSB controller (Control Number 6). If the selected Registered Parameter requires the LSB to be set, send another Control Change message to the Data Entry LSB controller (Control Number 38).

3. To make a relative adjustment to the selected Registered Parameter's current value, use the Data Increment or Data Decrement controllers (Control Numbers 96 and 97).
Parameter Number			Parameter Function	Data Entry Value
Decimal	Control 101 Value (MSB)	Control 100 Value (LSB)	Parameter Function	Data Entry Value
0	00H = 0	00H = 0	Pitch Bend Sensitivity	MSB = +/- semitones LSB =+/--cents
1	00H = 0	01H = 1	Channel Fine Tuning (formerly Fine Tuning - see MMA RP-022)	Resolution 100/8192 cents 00H 00H = -100 cents 40H 00H = A440 7FH 7FH = +100 cents
2	00H = 0	02H = 2	Channel Coarse Tuning (formerly Coarse Tuning - see MMA RP-022)	Only MSB used Resolution 100 cents 00H = -6400 cents 40H = A440 7FH = +6300 cents
3	00H = 0	03H = 3	Tuning Program Change	Tuning Program Number
4	00H = 0	04H = 4	Tuning Bank Select	Tuning Bank Number
5	00H = 0	05H = 5	Modulation Depth Range (see MMA General MIDI Level 2 Specification)	For GM2, defined in GM2 Specification. For other systems, defined by manufacturer

MIDI Products

As you can see from the above examples, there are lots of things that MIDI makes possible, and many kinds of MIDI products available to help you make music. When you are ready to start making music with MIDI, we recommend you visit a MIDI specialist to determine the right products for you. Here are just some of the products that you may want to consider:

Keyboards and Sound Modules Practically every musical keyboard sold today has MIDI connections... everything from the $100 portables to $300,000 digital grand pianos.

Wind Controllers, Guitars, and More You don't have to be a keyboard (piano) player to benefit from MIDI. There are specially made MIDI wind controllers, MIDI guitars, and more.

Personal Computers Practically every computer made today comes with the ability to play MIDI files, and can connect to other MIDI gear with a simple PC-to-MIDI connector available as an accessory. Professionals and amateurs alike can compose, arrange, and record original music, or use the computer to learn about music or how to play an instrument.

MIDI is a trademark of MIDI Manufacturers Association Incorporated.

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